Encapsulation in C++

               Encapsulation is one of the object oriented programming concepts which binds the data and functions together. It makes the whole thing into a single unit.

Generally, this single unit is considered as a class. Encapsulation is achieved by using access specifiers as follows..

‘public’: member variables can be accessible for anywhere in the class.

‘private’: this type of variable accessed by current class only.

‘protected’: it can be accessible by class and derived class.

Let us create a c++ program to display the student details.

C++ program:

Here, ‘Student’ is the class. It has set() method to display the data. The get() method gets the data.

Using the object, we call the set() and get() function.

Code:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Student {

private:

string s_name;

string s_id;

int s_age;

public:

// Constructor

Student(string s_name,string s_id ,int s_age) {

this->s_name = s_name;

this->s_id = s_id;

this->s_age = s_age;

}

// Setter for student name

void setName(string s_name) {

this->s_name = s_name;

}

// Getter for student name

string getName() {

return s_name;

}

// Setter for student id

void setId(string s_id) {

this->s_id = s_id;

}

// Getter for student id

string getId() {

return s_id;

}

// Setter for age

void setAge(int s_age) {

this->s_age = s_age;

}

// Getter for age

int getAge() {

return s_age;

}

};

int main() {

// Creating an objects of Student class

Student stu("Ajay","S1",15);

Student stu1("Jey","S2",14);

// using get functions

cout << "Name: " << stu.getName() << endl;

cout << "Id: " << stu.getId() << endl;

cout << "age: "<< stu.getAge()<<endl;

cout << "Name: " << stu1.getName() << endl;

cout << "Id: " << stu1.getId() << endl;

cout << "age: "<< stu1.getAge()<<endl;

//using set functions

stu.setName("kumar");

stu.setId("S3");

stu.setAge(16);

stu1.setName("James");

stu1.setId("S4");

stu1.setAge(20);

// Accessing modified data members using getter methods

cout << "Name: " << stu.getName() << endl;

cout << "Id:" <<stu.getId()<<endl;

cout << "Age: " << stu.getAge() << endl;

cout << "Name: " << stu1.getName() << endl;

cout << "Id:" <<stu1.getId()<<endl;

cout << "Age: " << stu1.getAge() << endl;

return 0;

}

Output:

Name: Ajay

Id: S1

age: 15

Name: Jey

Id: S2

age: 14

Name: kumar

Id:S3

Age: 16

Name: James

Id:S4

Age: 20

Thus, the c++ program to illustrate encapsulation was explained successfully. Hope, you liked the blog post. Keep coding!!!